14/02/2009, 00:36
İÇİNDEKİLER
1. BİLGİSAYAR’A GİRİŞ ....................................................................................... 5
Bilgisayar Çeşitleri ......................................................................................... 6
Microcomputer/PC(Personal Computer=Kişisel Bilgisayar) ....................................... 6
Masaüstü Bilgisayarlar(Desktop) .................................................................... 6
Dizüstü Bilgisayarlar(Laptop/Notebook) .......................................................... 6
PDA(Personal digital assistants) .................................................................... 7
HTPC(Home Theater PC) ............................................................................ 7
Workstation(İş İstasyonu) .............................................................................. 8
Server(Sunucu) .......................................................................................... 8
Mainframe ................................................................................................ 8
Süpercomputer(Süper bilgisayarlar) .................................................................. 8
Bit ve Byte Kavramları .................................................................................... 9
Harf ve Karakterler Nasıl İşlenir? ...................................................................... 10
2. DONANIMBİRİMLERİ.....................................................................................11
Bilgisayar Nasıl Çalışır? .................................................................................. 12
ANAKART(MAINBOARD) .................................................................................. 13
Anakart Bileşenleri ...................................................................................... 15
Bus ....................................................................................................... 15
Chipset .................................................................................................. 15
BIOS ..................................................................................................... 15
Veriyolları(Buses) ..................................................................................... 16
Pil ........................................................................................................ 24
Portlar .................................................................................................. 24
Bağlantı Pinleri ........................................................................................ 24
Anakart Parametreleri ................................................................................ 25
İŞLEMCİLER(CPU-Central Processing Unit-Merkezi İşlemci Birimi) ................................ 27
İşlemcinin Temel Bileşenleri ........................................................................ 27
İşlemci Parametreleri................................................................................. 29
RAM(Random Access Memory=Rasgele Erişimli Bellek) ............................................. 31
RAM Parametreleri .................................................................................... 35
EKRAN KARTI(Graphic Card, Video Card) ............................................................. 37
Ekran Kartı Parametreleri............................................................................ 38
SABİT DİSKLER(DRIVERS=SÜRÜCÜLER).................................................................40
A. HDD=Hard Disk Drive ................................................................................. 40
HDD Çeşitleri ........................................................................................... 41
Disk Parametreleri .................................................................................... 44
Master/Slave Ayarı .................................................................................... 44
Disklerin Montajı ...................................................................................... 46
B. SSD(Solid State Drive) ................................................................................ 46
HHD(HYBRID HARD DRIVER) ............................................................................ 47
RAID(Redundant Array of Independent Disks) ....................................................... 48
SES KARTI(Sound Card, Audio Card) ................................................................... 52
Ses Kartı Parametreleri .............................................................................. 53
EKRANLAR(MONITORS) .................................................................................. 55
Ekran Parametreleri .................................................................................. 55
CRT(Cathode Ray Tube) Monitörler ................................................................ 57
LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) .......................................................................... 58
Plazma Ekranlar ....................................................................................... 59
CRT, LCD ve Plazma Karşılaştırması ................................................................ 60
OPTİK DİSKLER ............................................................................................ 61
CD-R(Recordable) ve CD-RW(ReWritable) ......................................................... 62
CD-ROM, CD Yazıcılar ................................................................................. 63
CD-ROM VE CD Writer Parametreleri ............................................................... 64
DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RAM, HD-DVD ve Blu-ray Disc ............................................. 64
DVD-ROM, DVD Yazıcı ve Blu-Ray Okuyucu/Yazıcı ............................................... 67
DVD-ROM, DVD yazıcı ve Blu-Ray Yazıcı Parametreleri .......................................... 68
YAZICILAR ................................................................................................. 69
LAZER YAZICILAR ...................................................................................... 69
MÜREKKEP PÜSKÜRTMELİ YAZICILAR ............................................................... 70
NOKTA VURUŞLU YAZICILAR ......................................................................... 70
Yazıcı Parametreleri .................................................................................. 71
MODEMLER ................................................................................................ 72
Modem Kriterleri ...................................................................................... 73
AĞ KARTI .................................................................................................. 74
Ağ Kartı Parametreleri ............................................................................... 74
HUB ve SWITCH(ANAHTAR) ............................................................................. 76
Hub/Switch Parametreleri ........................................................................... 77
KLAVYE .................................................................................................... 78
Klavye Çeşitleri ........................................................................................ 79
Klavye Parametreleri ................................................................................. 79
FARE ....................................................................................................... 81
Fare Parametreleri .................................................................................... 82
PROJEKSİYON CİHAZLARI ................................................................................ 84
Projeksiyon Çeşitleri .................................................................................. 84
Projeksiyon Parametreleri ........................................................................... 86
WEBCAM(BİLGİSAYAR KAMERASI) ...................................................................... 88
WebCam Parametreleri .............................................................................. 88
HOPARLÖR(SPEAKER) .................................................................................... 90
Hoparlör Parametreleri .............................................................................. 92
FLASH BELLEKLER ........................................................................................ 94
Flash Bellek Parametreleri .......................................................................... 95
HAFIZA KARTLARI ........................................................................................ 97
Kart Çeşitleri ........................................................................................... 97
Kart Adaptörleri ....................................................................................... 98
Hafıza Kartı Parametreleri .......................................................................... 100
KART OKUYUCULAR ..................................................................................... 102
Kart Okuyucu Parametreleri ........................................................................ 103
KASA ve GÜÇ KAYNAĞI ................................................................................. 104
Kasa Çeşitleri ......................................................................................... 104
Güç Kaynağı ........................................................................................... 107
Kasa ve Güç Kaynağı Parametreleri ............................................................... 109
TARAYICILAR(SCANNERS)............................................................................... 111
Tarayıcı Parametreleri .............................................................................. 112
TELEVİZYON KARTI ...................................................................................... 113
TV Kart Çeşitleri ...................................................................................... 113
TV Kart Parametreleri ............................................................................... 114
DONANIM SORULARI I ................................................................................... 115
DONANIM SORULARI II .................................................................................. 116
DONANIM SORULARI III..................................................................................117
KAYNAKÇA ................................................................................................ 118
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